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As per SCOPE report of 23 October 2019, there are 10 Maharatnas, 14 Navratnas, and 74 Miniratnas. There are nearly 348CPSEs (central public sector enterprises) in total.

The PSU companies in India are categorized as;

  • Maharatna
  • Miniratna
  • Miniratna Category
  • Miniratna Category-II

The prime motivation for the setting up PSUs or awarding any private company a PSU was to accelerate the economy of the nation through proper industrialization.

PSUs are committed to serve the equipment needs of strategically important sectors and to generate employment and income.

The Public Sector Undertakings are generally categorized into Maharatna, Navaratna and Miniratna Companies based on various factors like average turnover, net profit, net worth etc.

Maharatna PSUs are generally the government companies with an average annual net profit of over Rs. 5000 crores for 3 years or average annual net worth of Rs. 10,000 crore for 3 years, or average annual turnover of Rs. 20,000 crore for 3 years. Such companies are free to decide on investments up to 15% of their net worth in a project.

Navaratna PSUs are generally awarded for the companies having a score of 60 (out of 100), based on various parameters which include net profit, net worth, total manpower cost, total cost of production, cost of services, PBDIT (Profit Before Depreciation, Interest, and Taxes), capital employed, etc.

Miniratna PSU companies are the fast-moving government companies with a positive net worth earning around 30 crores of net profit.

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